苦味的丝瓜比砒霜还毒？看完才知道要格外注意
<section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io"><section style="outline: 0px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;"><section style="outline: 0px;"><section><span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.544px;">丝瓜滑嫩爽口，富含多种营养物质，无论凉拌还是炒菜都是不错的选择。可也有人说，苦味的丝瓜有毒，甚至比砒霜还毒！这是真的吗？</span><br/></section></section></section></section></section><p></p><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin-bottom: 0px;outline: 0px;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section style="outline: 0px;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="outline: 0px;"><section style="outline: 0px;"><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><p style="margin: 0px 0px 0em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.6em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;visibility: visible;"><strong style="margin: 0px 0px 0em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px 0px 0em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-size: 28px;">1</span></strong></p><hr style="margin: 0px 0px 0em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;text-align: center;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"/><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 20px;"><strong><span style="font-size: 20px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);">苦味丝瓜，毒过砒霜？</span></strong></span><br/></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>苦味丝瓜中毒是因为碱糖甙生物碱，它是一类有毒的物质，漂洗、加盐无法去除，在高温下也很难分解。</strong></span></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">同时，苦味丝瓜毒过砒霜的说法也不太确切。砒霜是三氧化二砷，和碱糖甙生物碱不是一类物质，因此不可简单地进行比较。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">不同人对碱糖甙生物碱的耐受性不一样，<span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>耐受度低的人服用后，轻则出现口干、头昏、恶心等症状，重则表现为恶心、呕吐、腹绞痛、腹泻、脱水等症状，甚至会有生命危险。</strong></span></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">一般发病于食用后30分钟～7小时，一旦出现中毒症状，必须立刻就医。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-wrap: wrap;outline: 0px;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 1.6em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;visibility: visible;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong style="margin-bottom: 0em;outline: 0px;"><span style="margin-bottom: 0em;outline: 0px;font-size: 28px;">2</span></strong></section><hr style="margin-bottom: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-wrap: wrap;outline: 0px;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: center;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"/><section style="font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong style="font-size: 20px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 122, 170);">有苦味的丝瓜都有毒吗？</span></strong></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">丝瓜发苦的原因主要有两种：一种是<span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>丝瓜授粉时产生串粉导致的发苦，这种丝瓜是有毒的</strong></span>；另一种是<span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>在气候异常等环境因素的影响下导致味道发苦，这种丝瓜是无毒的。</strong></span></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">也就是说<span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>不是所有苦味丝瓜都是有毒的。</strong></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"></p><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">小贴士：丝瓜属于葫芦科植物，人们常吃的其他葫芦科果蔬还有葫芦瓜、西葫芦、南瓜、黄瓜、香瓜等。如果这些果蔬中积累了碱糖甙生物碱，同样会发苦，并且也是有毒的。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="text-wrap: wrap;letter-spacing: 0.544px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 1.6em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;visibility: visible;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong style="margin-bottom: 0em;outline: 0px;"><span style="margin-bottom: 0em;outline: 0px;font-size: 28px;">3</span></strong></section><hr style="margin-bottom: 0em;text-wrap: wrap;letter-spacing: 0.544px;outline: 0px;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: center;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"/><section style="text-wrap: wrap;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 20px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 122, 170);">为什么苦瓜很苦</span></strong></section><section style="text-wrap: wrap;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 20px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 122, 170);">却不会让人中毒？</span></strong></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>苦瓜的苦味来源于一种叫做苦瓜苷的物质，这种物质是无毒的。</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;">并不是所有蔬菜有苦味都有毒，一个简单的评判方法：<span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">只要蔬菜的味道是原本的味道，没有出现异常，这种情况下通常就是无毒的，譬如苦瓜；而一些不正常的发苦，极有可能就是有毒的，譬如丝瓜、黄瓜等发苦。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"><br/></span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;"></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="text-wrap: wrap;letter-spacing: 0.544px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 1.6em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;visibility: visible;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong style="margin-bottom: 0em;outline: 0px;"><span style="margin-bottom: 0em;outline: 0px;font-size: 28px;">4</span></strong></section><hr style="margin-bottom: 0em;text-wrap: wrap;letter-spacing: 0.544px;outline: 0px;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: center;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"/><section style="text-wrap: wrap;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 20px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 122, 170);">如何鉴别丝瓜是否有毒？</span></strong></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">苦味丝瓜和正常的丝瓜在外表上没有明显的差异，肉眼上无法区分。但是<span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>发苦的丝瓜无论是生吃还是炒熟了吃，都会有明显苦味。</strong></span></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;"></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;">所以如果吃到发苦的丝瓜，一定要赶快吐掉，然后把没吃下去的苦味丝瓜也赶紧扔了！</p><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="text-wrap: wrap;letter-spacing: 0.544px;outline: 0px;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 1.6em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;visibility: visible;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong style="margin-bottom: 0em;outline: 0px;"><span style="margin-bottom: 0em;outline: 0px;font-size: 28px;">5</span></strong></section><hr style="margin-bottom: 0em;text-wrap: wrap;letter-spacing: 0.544px;outline: 0px;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: center;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"/><section style="text-wrap: wrap;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 20px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 122, 170);">还有哪些蔬果有中毒风险？</span></strong></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>1.<span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">变绿或发芽土豆</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">土豆在潮湿，微热环境下易发芽，一旦发芽或变青就会大量积累龙葵碱这种毒素，非发芽区毒素含量同样较高。所以只要看到土豆发芽了就必须扔掉，切不可把芽削掉之后吃！</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">此外，建议土豆低温、避光保存。</span><br/></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong><span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">2.长时间浸泡的木耳</span></strong></span></section><section><br/></section><section><span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">木耳长时间浸泡后会导致细菌大量繁殖，产生细菌毒素，易引起食物中毒。木耳泡发快，一般半小时即可，切不可长时间浸泡。</span><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><p style="text-align: center;"></p><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>3.<span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">青番茄</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">未成熟的青番茄也含有龙葵碱，和发青发芽的土豆的有毒成分相同。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">注意，有一些品种的番茄成熟之后就是青色的，这是可以吃的；普通番茄未成熟发青则不要吃！</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>4.<span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">不熟的四季豆</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">生的四季豆中含有皂素、植物血球凝集素和胰蛋白酶抑制剂等，食用后会强烈刺激消化道，但是高温可破坏这些物质的结构，因此四季豆一定要完全炒熟了再吃。</span><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>5.<span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">发霉的坚果</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">坚果类易受黄曲霉菌的污染而发生霉变，极易产生剧毒物质——黄曲霉毒素，黄曲霉毒素具有极强的肝毒性，且为一级致癌物，因此霉变的坚果类一定不要食用。</span></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section></section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>6.<span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">野生的蘑菇</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">野生蘑菇种类繁多，其中很多都是毒蘑菇，每年都会有大量食用野生蘑菇中毒的报道，因而对于不认识的野生蘑菇一定不要轻易尝试。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>7.<span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">鲜黄花菜</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">新鲜的黄花菜中含有秋水仙碱，秋水仙碱本身无毒，但是进入人体后容易氧化生成剧毒的二秋水仙碱。好在秋水仙碱易溶于水，且高温易破坏，因此，只要适当烹调便可放心食用。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><p style="text-align: center;"></p><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section powered-by="xiumi.us"><section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong>8.<span style="font-size: var(--articleFontsize);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">银杏果</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">银杏果内含有银杏酸等毒素，毒性较强，一般中毒剂量为10颗～50颗，中毒症状发生在进食后1小时～12小时，会出现以消化道症状为主的食物中毒。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;">银杏果遇热后毒性减小，故银杏果生食更易中毒，为预防中毒，不宜多吃更不宜生吃。</section><section style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></section><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><br/></p><section style="margin-bottom: 0em;text-wrap: wrap;outline: 0px;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);visibility: visible;"><span style="outline: 0px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">来源：CCTV生活圈</span></section><section style="margin-bottom: 0em;text-wrap: wrap;outline: 0px;font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);visibility: visible;"><br/></section></section></section></section><p></p><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p><p><br/></p><link 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